Amount of Energy Released When an Atom Agains an Electron

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Electrons, Levels and Energy

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Electrons

Electrons are ane of the three subatomic particles. They have a negative charge and virtually 1/2000 the mass of a proton. They are attracted to the positively charged protons in the atomic eye, simply they are repelled by 1 another. It is impossible to admittedly define the position (momentum and location) of an electron in space and time. Instead electrons are described as having different probabilities of distribution around the atomic center. These volumes of space (where an electron is found more oft) are called atomic orbitals Atomic Orbitals

Atomic orbitals have different shapes. All s are spherical. Electrons in s orbitals have the same probability of being found in any direction and at a given distance from the atomic eye. Electrons in an southward orbital may even be found correct at the atomic center!

In all other types of orbitals occupying electrons accept no probability of being found at the center. All p orbitals are shaped somewhat like a dumbbell, with the thin, pinched region of zero probability lying right over the middle. No matter what its shape, an orbital can only hold a maximum of 2 electrons at any time.

Free energy Levels

Orbitals are grouped in zones at unlike distances from the atomic center. Electrons in zones close to the center are lower in energy than electrons in zones at greater distances from the center. Co-ordinate to Bohr, the amount of free energy needed to move an electron from ane zone to another is a stock-still, finite corporeality. These zones are known as energy levels (or sometimes called electron shells).

At the everyman free energy level, the one closest to the atomic center, there is a unmarried 1s orbital that can hold 2 electrons.

At the next free energy level, there are four orbitals; a 2s, 2p1, 2p2, and a 2p3. Each of these orbitals can hold 2 electrons, so a full of 8 electrons tin can be constitute at this level of energy.

In larger and larger atoms, electrons can be found at higher and higher energy levels (e.g. 3s and 3p).

Moving betwixt Levels

As Neils Bohr showed, information technology is possible for electrons to move between energy levels. Light contains energy. If a photon of calorie-free strikes an cantlet, information technology is possible for the energy in the low-cal ray to be transferred to one of the low energy electrons moving around the atomic center. The electron with its extra packet of energy becomes excited , and promptly moves out of its lower energy level and takes up a position in a higher energy level.

This state of affairs is unstable, yet. Almost immediately the excited electron gives upwardly the actress free energy it holds, usually in the form of light, and falls back down to the lower energy level once again.

Florescence is a phenomenon of moving electrons. Ultra violet ("black") low-cal has a short wavelength and high energy. When these rays hitting certain atoms this energy is absorbed as described above. But the electrons cannot concur this energy for long, and when they fall back to the lower energy levels they give off the xanthous "glow" of longer wavelength, lower energy light that we can come across with our eyes.

... now you explore
electrons and orbitals
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Source: http://www.brooklyn.cuny.edu/bc/ahp/SDPS/SD.PS.electrons.html

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